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Sigmund Freud developed a clinical treatment for people’s neuroses which he called Psychoanalysis. The aim of the treatment is to re-establish a harmonious relationship between the ego, id and super-ego, and to resolve unconscious and often repressed emotional conflicts. Freud discovered that when clients were encouraged to talk about their earliest memories and occurrences of any neuroses [...] Carl Rogers used the term Incongruence to describe feelings of depression and unhappiness caused by not living the life we really want to. Rogers felt that individuals could have a good job, marriage and children but still feel unhappy, a key element of Incongruence. Rogers believed that these feelings of unhappiness are important because they serve [...] Self disclosure is often defined as “sharing information with others which they would not normally discover about us. It involves risk and vulnerability for the person sharing the information”. In other words self disclosure is the process by which we let ourselves be known to others. What is the significance of self disclosure in counselling? For a client [...] Fritz Perls (1893 – 1970) developed Gestalt Therapy with his wife Laura. The approach focuses on individuals being self-supportive and self-helping through awareness of their thoughts and feelings in the here and now. Gestalt is a German word meaning ‘pattern’ or ‘form’. Uncomplete Gestalt is often referred to as ‘unfinished business’. The Techniques of Gestalt [...] Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT), originally called Rational Therapy, is the creation of Albert Ellis (1913 – 2007). Ellis was an American psychotherapist who held an M.A. and Ph.D in clinical psychology from Columbia University. He founded and was the president of the New York City based Albert Ellis Institute. Ellis published his ideas on [...] Boundaries denote the limits of acceptability in the therapeutic relationship. They outline the expectations in the therapeutic space and mark the point beyond which neither party is expected to go. Boundaries also allow the counsellor to get close to the client, developing trust and respect, without the social costs associated with friendship. Counsellors need to [...] |
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